It is an acquired autoimmune disorder that manifests clinically as recurrent venous or arterial thrombosis, with or without fetal loss.

There are two types of APS:

1. Primary: Patients with APS have no evidence of any associated autoimmune disease.

2. Secondary: Patients with lupus, rheumatic disorders, or other autoimmune diseases are at greater risk.ications.

The syndrome is associated with a defect in the blood clotting system, but the exact mechanism remains unknown. The most likely cause is thrombotic disorders that may be dependent on beta-glycoprotein, and may be the primary cause of pregnancy loss, as early experimental results have shown. There are several drug treatments available, such as the use of vitamin K antagonists, heparin, glucocorticoids, and other med.

Surgical measures include splenectomy, particularly for patients with severe thrombocytopenia who are not responding to other treatments. Current studies are investigating the potential use of stem cells to treat this life-threatening syndrome.